SAM 是Mata发布的“Segment Anything Model”可以准确识别和提取图像中的对象。 它可以分割任何的图片，但是如果需要分割特定的物体，则需要需要点、框的特定提示才能准确分割图像。 所以本文将介绍一种称为 Grounding Dino 的技术来自动生成 SAM 进行分割所需的框。
除了分割以外，我们还可以通过将 SAM 与 Grounding Dino 和 Stable Diffusion 相结合，获得高度准确图像分割结果，并且对分割后的图像进行细微的更改。
下面就是我们需要的所有的包：
`%cd /content
!git clone https://github.com/IDEA-Research/Grounded-Segment-Anything
%cd /content/Grounded-Segment-Anything
!pip install -q -r requirements.txt
%cd /content/Grounded-Segment-Anything/GroundingDINO
!pip install -q .
%cd /content/Grounded-Segment-Anything/segment_anything
!pip install -q .
%cd /content/Grounded-Segment-Anything
导入必要的包：
import os, sys
sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), “GroundingDINO”))
import argparse
import copy
from IPython.display import display
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
from torchvision.ops import box_convert
# Grounding DINO
import GroundingDINO.groundingdino.datasets.transforms as T
from GroundingDINO.groundingdino.models import build_model
from GroundingDINO.groundingdino.util import box_ops
from GroundingDINO.groundingdino.util.slconfig import SLConfig
from GroundingDINO.groundingdino.util.utils import clean_state_dict, get_phrases_from_posmap
from GroundingDINO.groundingdino.util.inference import annotate, load_image, predict
import supervision as sv
# segment anything
from segment_anything import build_sam, SamPredictor
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# diffusers
import PIL
import requests
import torch
from io import BytesIO
from diffusers import StableDiffusionInpaintPipeline
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
然后我们设置处理的设备：
device = torch.device(cuda if torch.cuda.is_available() else cpu)
然后我们创建一个 GroundingDino 模型的实例。
def load_model_hf(repo_id, filename, ckpt_config_filename, device=cpu):
cache_config_file = hf_hub_download(repo_id=repo_id, filename=ckpt_config_filename)
args = SLConfig.fromfile(cache_config_file)
args.device = device
model = build_model(args)
cache_file = hf_hub_download(repo_id=repo_id, filename=filename)
checkpoint = torch.load(cache_file, map_location=device)
log = model.load_state_dict(clean_state_dict(checkpoint[model]), strict=False)
print(“Model loaded from {} \n => {}”.format(cache_file, log))
_ = model.eval()
return model
ckpt_repo_id = “ShilongLiu/GroundingDINO”
ckpt_filenmae = “groundingdino_swinb_cogcoor.pth”
ckpt_config_filename = “GroundingDINO_SwinB.cfg.py”
groundingdino_model = load_model_hf(ckpt_repo_id, ckpt_filenmae, ckpt_config_filename, device)
下面开始创建SAM 模型，定义模型并创建一个实例。
! wget https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/segment_anything/sam_vit_h_4b8939.pth
sam_checkpoint = sam_vit_h_4b8939.pth
sam_predictor = SamPredictor(build_sam(checkpoint=sam_checkpoint).to(device))
这里我们使用与训练的 vit_h 模型，下面就是扩散模型了：
sd_pipe = StableDiffusionInpaintPipeline.from_pretrained(
“stabilityai/stable-diffusion-2-inpainting”,
torch_dtype=torch.float16,
).to(device)
然后我们开始测试：
# Load image
def download_image(url, image_file_path):
r = requests.get(url, timeout=4.0)
if r.status_code != requests.codes.ok:
assert False, Status code error: {}..format(r.status_code)
with Image.open(BytesIO(r.content)) as im:
im.save(image_file_path)
print(Image downloaded from url: {} and saved to: {}..format(url, image_file_path))
local_image_path = “assets/inpaint_demo.jpg”
image_url = “https://images.rawpixel.com/image_800/cHJpdmF0ZS9sci9pbWFnZXMvd2Vic2l0ZS8yMDIyLTA1L3Vwd2s2MTc3Nzk0MS13aWtpbWVkaWEtaW1hZ2Uta293YnN1MHYuanBn.jpg”
download_image(image_url, local_image_path)
image_source, image = load_image(local_image_path)
Image.fromarray(image_source)
先使用Grounding Dino 进行检测：
# detect object using grounding DINO
def detect(image, text_prompt, model, box_threshold = 0.3, text_threshold = 0.25):
boxes, logits, phrases = predict(
model=model,
image=image,
caption=text_prompt,
box_threshold=box_threshold,
text_threshold=text_threshold
)
annotated_frame = annotate(image_source=image_source, boxes=boxes, logits=logits, phrases=phrases)
annotated_frame = annotated_frame[…,::-1] # BGR to RGB
return annotated_frame, boxes
annotated_frame, detected_boxes = detect(image, text_prompt=”bench”, model=groundingdino_model)
Image.fromarray(annotated_frame)
让我们看看结果：
然后使用 SAM 分割这个狐狸：
def segment(image, sam_model, boxes):
sam_model.set_image(image)
H, W, _ = image.shape
boxes_xyxy = box_ops.box_cxcywh_to_xyxy(boxes) * torch.Tensor([W, H, W, H])
transformed_boxes = sam_model.transform.apply_boxes_torch(boxes_xyxy.to(device), image.shape[:2])
masks, _, _ = sam_model.predict_torch(
point_coords = None,
point_labels = None,
boxes = transformed_boxes,
multimask_output = False,
)
return masks.cpu()
def draw_mask(mask, image, random_color=True):
if random_color:
color = np.concatenate([np.random.random(3), np.array([0.8])], axis=0)
else:
color = np.array([30/255, 144/255, 255/255, 0.6])
h, w = mask.shape[-2:]
mask_image = mask.reshape(h, w, 1) * color.reshape(1, 1, -1)
annotated_frame_pil = Image.fromarray(image).convert(“RGBA”)
mask_image_pil = Image.fromarray((mask_image.cpu().numpy() * 255).astype(np.uint8)).convert(“RGBA”)
return np.array(Image.alpha_composite(annotated_frame_pil, mask_image_pil))
segmented_frame_masks = segment(image_source, sam_predictor, boxes=detected_boxes)
annotated_frame_with_mask = draw_mask(segmented_frame_masks[0][0], annotated_frame)
Image.fromarray(annotated_frame_with_mask)
这样就可以通过上面的分割结果为的扩散模型生成掩码：
# create mask images
mask = segmented_frame_masks[0][0].cpu().numpy()
inverted_mask = ((1 – mask) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
image_source_pil = Image.fromarray(image_source)
image_mask_pil = Image.fromarray(mask)
inverted_image_mask_pil = Image.fromarray(inverted_mask)
display(*[image_source_pil, image_mask_pil, inverted_image_mask_pil])
绘时我们还需要一个背景的掩码，这个就是上面掩码的反操作
def generate_image(image, mask, prompt, negative_prompt, pipe, seed):
# resize for inpainting
w, h = image.size
in_image = image.resize((512, 512))
in_mask = mask.resize((512, 512))
generator = torch.Generator(device).manual_seed(seed)
result = pipe(image=in_image, mask_image=in_mask, prompt=prompt, negative_prompt=negative_prompt, generator=generator)
result = result.images[0]
return result.resize((w, h))
然后我们可以开始改图，输入一个提示：
prompt=” a brown bulldog”
negative_prompt=”low resolution, ugly”
seed = -1 # for reproducibility
generated_image = generate_image(image=image_source_pil, mask=image_mask_pil, prompt=prompt, negative_prompt=negative_prompt, pipe=sd_pipe, seed=seed)
generated_image
或者用上面的背景掩码来修改背景：
prompt=”a hill with grasses ,weak sunlight “
negative_prompt=”people, low resolution, ugly”
seed = 32 # for reproducibility
generated_image = generate_image(image_source_pil, inverted_image_mask_pil, prompt, negative_prompt, sd_pipe, seed)
generated_image
可以看到效果还是很好的
SAM、Grounding Dino 和 Stable Diffusion 的组合为我们提供了强大的工具。这些技术为探索令人兴奋的图像处理世界提供了坚实的基础 并为艺术家和开发者提供巨大的创造潜力。
如果你想在线测试，这里有完整的源代码：
https://avoid.overfit.cn/post/e9e083807a434935910c8116c85c8375
作者：Amir Shakiba
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